My Little Medieval List of Common Law Words

The following is an informal (draft) attempt. It is not cleansed for known liberal bot bias, which could be a major defect, off hand. I may follow up to correct this. Not responsible for error. “In good faith.”

No single list can ever be truly “full and complete” — common law was judge- and man-made, customary, regional, and never exhaustively catalogued in one place. The closest thing that ever existed was the living Register Brevium (Register of Writs), which changed for centuries and was never “finished.”

I have merged:

  • Hundreds of these words were extracted directly from the Register Brevium tradition, medieval glossaries (History of England, St Andrews Encyclopedia, Ole Miss feudal glossary, Everingham medieval legal terms, Wikipedia writs page, etc.)

Result: Hundreds of unique terms (deduplicated case-insensitive, normalised spelling, all variants preserved where they differ meaningfully).

Ultimate Master List (Alphabetised)

A abeyance, abjuration of realm oath, abjuration of the realm, abjuration port assignment, absolute rights of individuals, acquietandis plegiis, action of right, action on the case, acts of the eyre, advowson (all variants: appendant, collative, donative, in gross, presentative, lapse), affeer, affeerer, afforcement of jury, afforestation, aftergrass right, agister, agistment, aid, aid prayer, aid pur faire fitz chevalier, aid pur fille marier, aiel, allod/allodial land, alms tenure, amercement, ancient demesne (all variants), annuity writ, appeal of arson/felony/burglary/death/larceny/mayhem/rape/robbery, approver, arriere-ban, arrestandis bonis ne dissipentur, arrestando ipsum qui pecuniam recepit, arresto facto super bonis mercatorum alienigenorum, assart (fine, without licence, assarting), assize (abatement, arms, bread & ale, clarendon, cloth, darrein presentment, fresh force, mort d’ancestor, northampton, novel disseisin, nuisance, utrum, of the forest), attachment, attainder, attaint (jury), attornment, audita querela, averpenny, avowry.

B–C bahio amovendo, bailiff, bailiwick, banalities, banlieue, barony (by tenure), bastard feudalism, battle (trial by, gage), beadle, beaupleader, benefice, benefit of clergy (all variants), besayle, bill of peace, bill quia timet, blodwite, bookland, bordar, borchbreche, borgholder, borough english, bot (botleas, bot payment), bovate, branding iron, breve de recto (patent/close), brieve, burgage tenure, butlery, cape (magnum/parvum), capias (ad respondendum, ad satisfaciendum, in withernam, utlagatum), carucage, carucate, casu consimili, casu proviso, catallis captis nomine districtionis, catallis reddendis, certiorari, cessavit, champerty, charter of franchise, chevage, chevauchée, chirograph, civil death, clergyable offence, clerk of the market, cognizance, color of title, commendatio, common appendant/appurtenant, common recovery, compurgation (twelve hands, oath helper, variants), computo, contra formam feoffamenti, contributione facienda, coram nobis/vobis, corody, coroner’s inquest, corruption of blood, corsned, corvee, cotter, court baron, court leet, court of ancient demesne, court of chivalry, court of piepowder, court of staple, cranage, crown ward, cucking stool, curtesy, curtilage, customary estate pur autre vie, custumal.

D–E danegeld, darrein presentment, day writ, de cursu writs, de dote admensura, de effendo quietum de tolonio, de homine replegiando (variants), de ingressu, de lunatico inquirendo, de quibus sur disseisin, deceit writ, decree nisi/absolute, dedimus potestatem, demesne (as of fee, as of manor), deodand, detinue, diem clausit extremum, dilatory plea, distraint (damage feasant, infinite, pernodant, variants), distringas, dote assignanda, dote unde nihil habet, dreng, driftway, ducking stool, dum fuit infra aetatem, dum non fuit compos, ejectione custodiae, elegit, embracery, enfeoff/enfeoffment, englishry, entry (sur disseisin in the per/per & cui/post), entry fine, escheat, essoin, estovers (all botes), estray, estreat, estrepement, exigent, extent, eyre (justices in, iter, of the forest, articles).

F–G false judgment, fealty, fee farm, fee simple conditional, fee tail (general, male, special), feigned issue, feodary, feoffee to uses, feu (charter, duty), fieri facias, fine with proclamations, firebote, foldage, folkland, folkmoot, forest eyre, formedon (descender, remainder, reverter), forfeiture (chattels, lands, for felony/treason), frankalmoign, frank marriage, frankpledge (decenna, tithing, view, all variants), franktenement, free chase/fishery/park/warren, freebench, fyrd/fyrdwite, gallows franchise, gaol delivery, gavelkind, geld, gildhall, grand assize, grand distress, grand serjeanty, grithbreach.

H–I habeas corpus (all variants: ad subjiciendum, ad testificandum, ad deliberandum, ad prosequendum, ad satisfaciendum, ad faciendum et recipiendum, cum causa), habere facias seisinam/visum, halimote, hamsocn, handhabend, haybote, hayward, headland, heriot, hide, homage, hominium, honor, housebote, hue and cry, hundred (court, moot), hustings, identitate nominis, impediment suit, impounding (pound covert/overt), inquest of office, intrusion, investiture (rod & staff, turf & twig), juris utrum, justicies.

K–L keelage, knight service (in capite), knight’s fee, lagman, lammas right, lastage, lathe, latitat, law merchant, leet (court, day, jurisdiction, presentment), leodgeld, leyrwite, liberate writ, livery of seisin (in deed, in law), lot casting/meadow, mainpernor, mainprise, mandamus, manrent, manor court roll, manucaptio, march (law, marcher lord), maritagio amisso per defaltam, marriage (feudal right), mast right, mesne (lord, writ), mesnie, missi dominici, monstrans de droit/fait, mort d’ancestor (assize, in the per, variants), mortmain, mortuary, multure, murage, murdrum, nativo habendo, ne admittas, ne exeat regno, ne recipiatur, neck verse, neif, novel disseisin (of common, variants), oyer and terminer, oyer craving, pain (manorial), palatinate, pannage, parco fracto, partition writ, pavage, peine forte et dure, peremptory plea, pesage, petition of right, petty assize, petty serjeanty, piccage, pillory, pipe roll, piscary, plea in abatement/bar, pledge of faith, ploughbote, pone, pontage, post disseisin, postea, praecipe (quod reddat), precarium, presentment jury, primer seisin, primogeniture, privy seal writ, prohibition (ecclesiastical), purpresture, quare impedit/non admisit, quare intrusit, quaestiones, quare non admisit, quod ei deforceat, quod permittal, quo jure, quo minus, quo warranto, ravishment (of gard, of ward, of wife), recognizance (estreated, statute staple), reeve, regard of forest, relief, replevin (cepit, detinet, withernam, variants), retour of service, return of writs, reverter, right of entry, right of pit and gallows, royal fish/mines, sac and soc, sake, sanctuary (abjuration, badge, forty days, knocker), sasine, scavage, scire facias, scot and lot, scutage, scutagio habendo, seisin, selion, seneschal, serjeanty (grand, petty), several fishery, shack, sheriff’s aid/tourn, shiremoot, sign manual, significavit, socage (in capite, villein), soke, stallage, staple (bond, certificate, court, jurisdiction), star chamber, statute merchant/staple, steelbow, stint, stocks, subinfeudation, subpoena (ad testificandum, duces tecum), suit of court/mill, superiority, supersedeas, surety of the peace, surrebutter, swanimote, synodal due, tack, tallage, tally stick, team, tenant to the praecipe, tenure (by castle guard, cornage, falconry, grand serjeanty, in capite, in frankmarriage, petit serjeanty, scutage, barony, serjeanty of the pantry, etc.), terrier, thegn, thirlage, thing (assembly), tithe (agistment, predial), tithing (man, penny), tol and team, toll, tort, tourn (leet, sheriff’s), township amercement, trailbaston, traverse of office, treasure trove, trial by battle/ordeal/compurgation, trinoda necessitas, tronage, tumbrel, turbary, twelve hand oath, use upon a use, utlagaria, utlagato capiendo, vassalage, venire facias, verderer, vert and venison, view of body/frankpledge, vill amercement, villein (in gross, regardant, socage), virgate, visitation articles, voucher to warranty, wadset, wager of battle/law, waif and stray, wapentake, wardmote, wardship (in chivalry, in socage), warranty (collateral, lineal), warren, waste (writ), wedset, weregild, wharfage, wite, withernam, wreck (de mer, of sea), writ of right (close, patent), year and day rule.

Key additions from Register Brevium & glossaries (not in prior lists) acquietandis plegiis, arrestandis bonis ne dissipentur, arrestando ipsum qui pecuniam recepit, arresto facto super bonis mercatorum alienigenorum, bahio amovendo, beaupleader, besayle, breve de recto, cape (magnum/parvum), casu consimili, casu proviso, catallis captis nomine districtionis, catallis reddendis, cui ante divortium, cui in vita, deceptione, decies tantum, de expensis militum, de exoneranda pro rata portionis, de quibus sur disseisin, domo reparanda, dote assignanda, dote unde nihil habet, dum non fuit compos, dum fuit infra aetatem, ejectione custodiae, ex gravi querda, exoneratione sectae, expensis militum levandis, expensis militum non levandis, false judgment, grand distress, habere facias seisinam, habere facias visum, homine replegiando, identitate nominis, ingressu, intrusion de gard, justicies, latitat, leveri facias, leveri facias residuum, libertatibus allocandis, licentia surgendi, media acquitando, mittimus, monstrans de droit.

This now covers many writ, tenure, franchise, incident, assize, manorial custom, forest offence, procedural device, and Anglo-Saxon/Frankish/Norse term that operated under common-law or customary jurisdiction before parliamentary statute dominated.

Expanded List -

  • abjuration of realm oath

  • abjuration of the realm

  • abjuration port assignment

  • adjudication (Scots feudal diligence sense)

  • advowson (feudal patronage sense)

  • advowson (feudal sense)

  • advowson appendant (feudal church right)

  • advowson collative (feudal patronage)

  • advowson donative (feudal patronage)

  • advowson in gross (separate patronage right)

  • advowson lapse (six month rule medieval)

  • advowson presentative (feudal patronage)

  • affray (medieval breach of peace sense)

  • aftergrass right

  • agister forest officer

  • agistment (forest grazing tax sense)

  • agistment forest right

  • agistor (forest officer)

  • aid (feudal tax)

  • aid prayer (feudal pleading)

  • aid pur faire fitz chevalier

  • aid pur fille marier

  • aleconner

  • aleconner tasting

  • alienation in mortmain (forbidden transfer)

  • allodium (continental feudal sense)

  • althing (Norse assembly)

  • althing assembly

  • amercement (feudal discretionary fine sense)

  • amortization (transfer to church)

  • anchorage (harbor duty)

  • ancient demesne

  • ancient demesne privilege

  • ancient demesne tenure

  • ancient rent (feudal quit rent sense)

  • annuity writ medieval

  • appeal of arson private

  • appeal of burglary (private prosecution)

  • appeal of death (private prosecution)

  • appeal of felony private

  • appeal of larceny private

  • appeal of mayhem private

  • appeal of rape private

  • appeal of robbery private

  • approvement (lord enclosure right)

  • approvement confession appeal

  • approvement in felony (confessor accusation)

  • approver (medieval criminal procedure)

  • arriere-ban (feudal levy)

  • assart (forest clearing offense)

  • assart fine

  • assart without license

  • assarting (forest offense)

  • assize of ale

  • assize of arms (militia levy medieval)

  • assize of bread and ale

  • assize of bread enforcement

  • assize of clarendon procedure

  • assize of cloth

  • assize of darrein presentment

  • assize of mort d’ancestor

  • assize of northampton procedure

  • assize of novel disseisin

  • assize utrum church land

  • attachment of forest court

  • attachment of the forest

  • attainder (blood corruption sense)

  • attainder by battle

  • attainder upon confession

  • attainder upon outlawry

  • attainder upon verdict

  • attaint (jury punishment)

  • attaint jury (jury of twenty-four)

  • attaint jury twenty-four

  • attorn (feudal allegiance shift)

  • attornment (feudal tenant consent sense)

  • audita querela original writ

  • averia (feudal beasts of burden tax)

  • averpenny (beast levy)

  • avowry (justification of distress)

  • backberend

  • bailment by mainpast

  • balk (ridge boundary)

  • banal mill right

  • banal oven right

  • banal winepress right

  • banlieue (lord’s jurisdiction zone)

  • barony by tenure

  • barratry (medieval sense)

  • base fee (feudal sense)

  • battle gage thrown

  • beadle (manorial officer)

  • beadle’s cry

  • bedel (beadle variant)

  • benefice (feudal grant sense)

  • beneficium (feudal grant)

  • beneficium grant frankish

  • benefit of clergy

  • benefit of clergy (original clerical immunity)

  • benefit of clergy reading test

  • bill of attainder (medieval legislative punishment sense)

  • bill of peace (equity device)

  • bill of peace equity

  • bill quia timet (equity medieval form)

  • bill quia timet equity

  • blasphemous libel (crown offense sense)

  • blodwite

  • blodwite franchise

  • blood corruption absolute

  • blood feud composition

  • bloodwit fine franchise

  • bloodwit franchise

  • bocland charter

  • bondager (border tenant)

  • bookland (Anglo-Saxon land)

  • bordar (small tenant)

  • bordar tenant

  • borgholder duty

  • borh (surety pledge)

  • borh pledge group

  • borough english (inheritance custom)

  • borsholder

  • bot and wite

  • bot payment

  • botless crime

  • bovate

  • branding iron punishment

  • brieve (Scots writ)

  • brieve scots writ

  • burgage tenure (feudal sense)

  • butlerage (wine duty)

  • bót

  • capias ad respondendum

  • capias ad respondendum arrest writ

  • capias ad satisfaciendum

  • capias ad satisfaciendum body execution

  • capias utlagatum execution

  • capias utlagatum writ

  • capitulary (Frankish royal decree)

  • capitulary decree frankish

  • cart’s tail whipping

  • carucage (medieval levy sense)

  • carucate

  • certiorari to remove record (medieval king’s bench sense)

  • cessavit rent default writ

  • cestui que use (pre-statute sense)

  • champertous maintenance (medieval sense)

  • champerty (medieval maintenance form)

  • chevage

  • chevauchée (feudal levy)

  • childwite

  • churchscot

  • civil death by attainder

  • civiliter mortuus (civil death)

  • clergyable felony

  • clergyable offense privilege

  • clerical tonsure immunity

  • clerk of the market (market regulation officer)

  • cognizance (lord’s claim of jurisdiction)

  • color of title (medieval pleading fiction)

  • color pleading fiction

  • commendatio (vassal pledge)

  • commendatio vassal pledge

  • commendation (feudal protection pledge)

  • commission of array (militia levy)

  • commission of array militia

  • commission of gaol delivery

  • commission of oyer and terminer

  • commission of sewers (drainage authority medieval)

  • commission of sewers drainage

  • commission of the peace (original crown form)

  • common appendant (feudal pasture)

  • common appurtenant (feudal pasture)

  • common because of vicinage (feudal pasture)

  • common of estovers (feudal sense)

  • common of piscary (feudal sense)

  • common of shack (pasture rotation right)

  • common of turbary (feudal sense)

  • common recovery (fee tail bar fiction)

  • compotation (alehouse offense)

  • compotation offense

  • compotus (manorial account)

  • compurgation

  • compurgation oath

  • compurgation oath twelve hands

  • compurgation twelve oathmen

  • compurgator neighbor oath

  • compurgator oath helper

  • compurgator twelve hands

  • conspiracy writ medieval

  • consultation writ

  • consultation writ (chancery to church)

  • copyhold

  • copyhold for lives

  • copyhold of inheritance

  • copyholder

  • coram nobis king’s bench form

  • coram vobis common pleas form

  • corody (monastic maintenance right)

  • corody grant

  • coroner’s inquest (medieval form)

  • coroner’s inquest medieval form

  • corrody assignment

  • corrody writ

  • corruption of blood

  • corruption of blood absolute

  • corruption of blood inheritance bar

  • corsned trial

  • corvee

  • corvee labor

  • cotter (small tenant)

  • cotter tenant

  • counterplea (medieval pleading)

  • court baron

  • court baron homage

  • court customary

  • court leet

  • court of ancient demesne

  • court of chivalry (medieval jurisdiction sense)

  • court of piepowder merchant

  • court of requests (Tudor equity sense)

  • court of staple merchant

  • court of wards and liveries

  • cranage (crane fee)

  • crown ward

  • cucking stool

  • cucking stool punishment

  • customary estate pur autre vie (manorial sense)

  • customary freehold

  • custumal (manorial custom record)

  • danegeld (Anglo-Saxon levy sense)

  • danegeld assessment

  • darrein presentment (writ)

  • darrein presentment assize

  • darrein presentment plea

  • de homine capiendo (writ)

  • de homine replegiando (original writ)

  • de homine replegiando writ

  • deceit writ medieval

  • decennary

  • decree absolute (chancery medieval form)

  • decree absolute chancery

  • decree nisi (chancery medieval form)

  • decree nisi chancery

  • demesne as of fee (feudal sense)

  • demesne as of manor

  • demesne lands (feudal holding sense)

  • deodand

  • deodand forfeiture

  • deodand forfeiture object

  • diem clausit extremum (death inquest writ)

  • diem clausit extremum writ

  • dilatory plea (medieval category)

  • disseisin (medieval sense)

  • disseisor ab initio (medieval pleading sense)

  • distress damage feasant (feudal enforcement)

  • distress infinite (feudal enforcement sense)

  • distress pernodant (pending plea distress)

  • domesday survey tenure

  • dower unde nihil habet (writ)

  • driftway (customary cattle path)

  • ducking stool (punishment device)

  • ducking stool punishment

  • ealdorman

  • ecclesiastical censure

  • elegit (writ)

  • elegit land execution

  • embracery (jury corruption medieval sense)

  • enfeoff

  • englishry presentment

  • englishry proof

  • englishry proof oath

  • entry sur disseisin in the per

  • entry sur disseisin in the per and cui

  • entry sur disseisin per and cui

  • escheat (feudal incident sense)

  • escheat of fee simple (feudal sense)

  • essoin

  • essoin (medieval excuse)

  • estate tail

  • estover appendant

  • estover appurtenant

  • estovers (feudal right sense)

  • estovers firebote

  • estovers haybote

  • estovers housebote

  • estovers ploughbote

  • estray (royal forfeiture sense)

  • estray proclamation year and day

  • estray year and day

  • estreat roll

  • estrepement (writ)

  • estrepement bond (medieval practice)

  • excommunication writ de excommunicato capiendo

  • exigent de excommunicato capiendo

  • exigent five county calls

  • exigent proclamation

  • exigent proclamation five counties

  • exile abjuration life

  • exile abjuration oath

  • exile for life medieval

  • extent (manorial survey)

  • extent upon statute merchant

  • extent upon statute merchant (medieval debt enforcement)

  • eyre circuit session

  • eyre iter session

  • eyre of justices in itinere

  • fealty (feudal oath sense)

  • fealty simple

  • fee farm grant

  • fee simple conditional (pre-De Donis form)

  • fee tail female (as active estate)

  • fee tail general

  • fee tail male (as active estate)

  • fee tail special

  • feefarm rent (medieval tenure sense)

  • feigned issue (equity trial device)

  • feigned issue equity

  • feodary (wardship officer)

  • feoffee (ceremonial grantee)

  • feoffee to uses (pre-Statute of Uses sense)

  • feoffment (ceremonial grant sense)

  • feoffment with livery

  • feoffor (ceremonial grantor)

  • feu charter (Scots feudal grant)

  • feu charter scots

  • feu duty (Scots feudal rent)

  • feu duty scots

  • fidelitas (vassal oath)

  • fidelitas oath

  • fieri facias (original writ form)

  • fieri facias original levy

  • fine with proclamations (conveyance fiction)

  • firebote (estovers variants)

  • foldage (folding sheep right)

  • foldcourse

  • folkland (Anglo-Saxon land)

  • folkmoot

  • folkmoot assembly

  • forest eyre

  • forest eyre presentment

  • forest eyre roll

  • forest law vert and venison

  • forest venison offense

  • forest vert offense

  • foresteal

  • foresteall

  • forester in fee

  • forester in fee tenure

  • forfeiture for felony (medieval sense)

  • forfeiture for treason medieval

  • forfeiture of chattels crown

  • forfeiture of chattels to crown

  • forfeiture of lands crown

  • forfeiture of lands to crown

  • forfeiture to the crown (treason sense)

  • formedon in descender

  • formedon in remainder

  • formedon in reverter

  • franchise return of writs

  • frank law (Anglo-Saxon privilege)

  • frank marriage (maritagium)

  • frankalmoign

  • frankpledge

  • frankpledge amerciament

  • frankpledge decenna

  • frankpledge decennary

  • frankpledge decennary system

  • frankpledge pledge

  • frankpledge presentment

  • frankpledge surety group

  • frankpledge surety system

  • frankpledge system

  • frankpledge tithing

  • frankpledge tithing oath

  • frankpledge view oath

  • frankpledge view presentment

  • franktenement

  • free chase (franchise sense)

  • free fishery (franchise sense)

  • free park (franchise sense)

  • freebench

  • frithborh

  • fyrd

  • fyrd duty

  • fyrdung

  • fyrdwite

  • gage and pledge

  • gallows franchise

  • gallows franchise right

  • gaol delivery commission

  • gaol delivery commission medieval

  • gavelkind (as active tenure)

  • geld inquest

  • geld roll assessment

  • geldable

  • gemot

  • gerefa

  • gildhall jurisdiction

  • grand assize

  • grand assize election

  • grand serjeanty

  • grand serjeanty tenure

  • grith

  • grith breach

  • grithbreach

  • habeas corpus ad deliberandum original

  • habeas corpus ad faciendum et recipiendum (medieval variant)

  • habeas corpus ad prosequendum (medieval variant)

  • habeas corpus ad prosequendum original

  • habeas corpus ad satisfaciendum original

  • habeas corpus ad subjiciendum original

  • habeas corpus ad testificandum original

  • habeas corpus cum causa (medieval variant)

  • halimote

  • halimote session

  • hamsocn

  • hamsocne

  • handborh pledge

  • handgeld (earnest payment)

  • handhabend

  • haybote

  • hayward (manorial officer)

  • headland strip

  • herbage (feudal right)

  • herbage right of pasture

  • herebannum

  • heregeld

  • heriot

  • heriot custom

  • heriot service

  • heritable bond (Scots feudal security)

  • hidage (tax assessment)

  • hide of land (Anglo-Saxon measure)

  • hidel

  • high commission court (ecclesiastical prerogative)

  • high treason forfeiture blood

  • high treason forfeiture blood corruption

  • homage (feudal oath sense)

  • homage ancestral

  • homage court

  • homage jury presentment

  • homage liege

  • hominium (act of homage)

  • hominium homage act

  • honey toll (beekeeping right)

  • housebote

  • hue and cry

  • hue and cry levy

  • hue and cry pursuit

  • hue and cry pursuit duty

  • hue and cry township liability

  • hue and cry vill liability

  • hundred court

  • hundred court suitors

  • hundredmoot

  • husting (London court)

  • hustings court session

  • imparlance (pleading delay)

  • imparlance delay

  • imparlance general

  • imparlance special

  • impedit suit

  • impounding in pound covert

  • impounding in pound overt

  • indicavit (tithe jurisdiction)

  • indicavit writ

  • indictment by twelve men medieval form

  • indictment twelve men medieval

  • infangentheof

  • infangthief

  • infangthief franchise

  • infangthief gallows right

  • inhibition (Scots diligence medieval form)

  • inhibition diligence scots

  • injunction chancery writ

  • injunction writ (original chancery form)

  • inquest of office (crown title inquiry)

  • inquest of office crown title

  • intrusion (feudal entry without livery)

  • investiture by rod and staff

  • investiture by turf and twig

  • investiture rod staff

  • investiture turf twig

  • judicium dei (ordeal)

  • jus induendi (installation right)

  • jus instituendi (bishop’s right)

  • jus patronatus (patronage right)

  • jus praesentandi (right to present)

  • justices in eyre circuit

  • justices in eyre commission

  • justices in eyre iteration

  • keelage (river duty)

  • kindly tenant (customary heir)

  • knight service tenure

  • knight’s fee (land measure)

  • knight’s service in capite

  • lagman (Scandinavian law speaker)

  • lagman law speaker

  • lammas lands (seasonal common)

  • lammas right

  • lapse to crown

  • lapse to metropolitan

  • lapse to ordinary (ecclesiastical)

  • lastage (port duty)

  • lastage port duty

  • lathe (shire division)

  • law merchant (medieval custom sense)

  • leet day

  • leet jurisdiction franchise

  • leet jury

  • leet presentment

  • leodgeld

  • leyrwite

  • liber albus (municipal custumal)

  • liberate writ (exchequer payment)

  • liberty franchise

  • liege homage

  • liferent (Scots life estate feudal sense)

  • liferent scots

  • liveries and primer seisins

  • livery in deed (ceremonial delivery)

  • livery in law (constructive ceremony)

  • livery of seisin

  • livery out of chancery (feudal wardship sense)

  • lord paramount (feudal sense)

  • lot casting (common allocation)

  • lot meadow (common allocation)

  • mainpast (surety custody)

  • mainpernor surety

  • mainprise

  • mainprise (medieval bail)

  • mainprize delivery

  • maintenance (medieval litigation offense)

  • mallum (Frankish court)

  • mallum frankish court

  • mallus publicus (Frankish court)

  • mandamus prerogative (crown command)

  • manor court roll

  • manrent (Scots bond)

  • manrent bond scots

  • mark (coinage unit)

  • marriage (feudal right over heir)

  • marriage value (feudal right)

  • mast right (forest feeding)

  • master of wards (feudal office)

  • mayhem (medieval dismemberment sense)

  • merchant court of staple

  • merchant gild court

  • merchet

  • mesnalty (mesne lordship)

  • mesne lord

  • mesne lordship chain

  • mesne writ liability

  • misprision of felony (medieval concealment sense)

  • misprision of treason (medieval concealment sense)

  • missi dominici (royal envoys)

  • missi dominici envoy

  • monstrans de droit petition

  • monstrans de fait

  • moot horn

  • mort d’ancestor (writ)

  • mort d’ancestor assize

  • mort d’ancestor assize in novel form

  • mort d’ancestor in the per

  • mort d’ancestor in the per and cui

  • mortmain (feudal tenure sense)

  • mortmain license (royal consent)

  • mortuary (ecclesiastical due)

  • mortuary customary due

  • mortuary duty

  • multure (milling toll)

  • mund (protection right)

  • mund breach

  • mundbryce

  • mundbyrd

  • murage (town wall tax)

  • murage grant

  • murdrum amerciament

  • murdrum englishry fine

  • murdrum fine

  • murdrum fine levy

  • murdrum presentment

  • murdrum presentment hundred

  • ne exeat regno writ medieval

  • ne recipiatur (pleading bar)

  • neck verse clergy test

  • neck verse privilege

  • neif (female villein)

  • neif female villein

  • nisi prius (original writ form)

  • nisi prius record

  • nisi prius sitting

  • novel disseisin (writ form)

  • novel disseisin assize

  • novel disseisin of common

  • oath helper (compurgator)

  • oath of twelve men (medieval proof)

  • oathhelping neighbor

  • office found

  • office of escheator (medieval sense)

  • ordeal by bread and cheese (corsned)

  • ordeal by cold water

  • ordeal by fire

  • ordeal by fire three steps

  • ordeal by hot iron

  • ordeal by morsel

  • ordeal by water

  • ordeal by water sinking test

  • ordeal morsel (corsned)

  • ousterlemain (livery of lands)

  • outfangthief

  • outfangthief extraterritorial right

  • outfangthief franchise

  • outlawry (civil death sense)

  • outlawry (common law civil death sense)

  • outlawry capias exigent

  • outlawry caput lupinum

  • outlawry exigent call

  • outlawry exigent process

  • outlawry proclamation exigent

  • oyer and terminer (commission sense)

  • oyer and terminer gaol delivery

  • oyer craving hearing

  • pannage (forest right tax)

  • pannage fee

  • partition writ medieval

  • pavage (road tax)

  • pavage grant

  • peine forte et dure

  • peine forte et dure pressing

  • peine forte et dure refusal plea

  • peine forte et dure standing mute

  • peine forte et dure stones

  • peremptory plea (medieval category)

  • pesage (weighing duty)

  • peter’s pence (ecclesiastical levy)

  • petition of right (crown remedy medieval form)

  • petition of right crown

  • petty assize

  • petty assize jury

  • petty serjeanty

  • petty serjeanty tenure

  • petty treason (husband-wife sense)

  • petty treason (medieval form)

  • piccage (market stall right)

  • piccage ground right

  • piepowder court

  • piepowder jurisdiction

  • pillory (medieval punishment sense)

  • pillory punishment medieval

  • pipe roll (exchequer record)

  • pipe roll entry

  • piscary (feudal fishing right sense)

  • piscary several (feudal fishing)

  • plea in abatement ancient form

  • plea in bar ancient form

  • plea puis darrein continuance (medieval form)

  • pledge of faith (fides facta)

  • pledge surety (Anglo-Saxon)

  • ploughbote

  • pontage (bridge toll)

  • pontage grant

  • portreeve

  • postea (trial endorsement)

  • postea endorsement

  • precarium (revocable tenure)

  • precatory tenure

  • presentment jury hundred

  • presentment jury of hundred

  • presentment of Englishry

  • primer fine (feudal payment)

  • primer fine in chivalry

  • primer seisin

  • primer seisin fine

  • primer seisin of heir

  • prisage (wine duty)

  • privileged villein

  • privy seal writ (medieval)

  • procedendo ad judicium (writ)

  • procuration visitation fee

  • procurations (ecclesiastical visitation dues)

  • profert (production pleading)

  • prohibition ecclesiastical (conflict writ)

  • prohibition ecclesiastical writ

  • purlieu (forest boundary)

  • purlieu boundary right

  • purpresture (encroachment on royal land)

  • purpresture amerciament

  • purpresture encroachment

  • purpresture presentment

  • quare impedit (writ original form)

  • quare impedit original

  • quare impedit original action

  • quit rent (feudal tenure sense)

  • quo minus (exchequer writ)

  • rape (Sussex division)

  • ravishment of marriage

  • ravishment of ward

  • ravishment of ward writ

  • ravishment of wife writ medieval

  • rebutter (pleading bar)

  • recognizance before mayor of staple

  • recognizance estreated

  • recognizance in nature of statute staple

  • recognizance of debt before mayor

  • recognizance of peace (medieval surety)

  • recognizance statute staple

  • red book of the exchequer

  • reeve (manorial officer)

  • regard of the forest

  • regardant villein

  • regarders of the forest

  • regarders presentment

  • regrant (crown tenure reset)

  • rejoinder (medieval sense)

  • relief (feudal land payment)

  • relief certain

  • relief in chivalry

  • relief in socage

  • relief of barony

  • relief uncertain

  • rent charge (feudal origin sense)

  • rent seek (feudal sense)

  • rent service (feudal sense)

  • replevin in the cepit (medieval form)

  • replevin in the detinet (medieval form)

  • replevin withernam (counter distress)

  • replication de injuria (medieval form)

  • rescous (rescue of distress)

  • retour of service (Scots heir process)

  • retour of service scots

  • return of writs franchise

  • reverter (feudal conditional fee sense)

  • right of entry (feudal condition broken sense)

  • right of pit and gallows (franchise)

  • royal fish (whale and sturgeon franchise sense)

  • royal fish franchise

  • royal mines (gold and silver franchise)

  • royal mines gold silver right

  • royal swan mark

  • sac and soc

  • sac and soc jurisdiction

  • sake (jurisdiction right)

  • sanctuary (medieval church immunity)

  • sanctuary abjuration

  • sanctuary abjurer oath

  • sanctuary abjurer port

  • sanctuary badge

  • sanctuary badge privilege

  • sanctuary church oath

  • sanctuary forty days bell

  • sanctuary forty days claim

  • sanctuary forty days privilege

  • sanctuary knocker privilege

  • sanctuary man

  • sanctuary man forty-day

  • sanctuary privilege abjuration

  • sasin (Scots feudal seisin)

  • sasine instrument

  • sasine instrument scots

  • scabini (continental court assessors)

  • scabinium (continental bench)

  • scavage (customs duty)

  • scire facias (original writ form)

  • scire facias original writ

  • scirman

  • scot and lot (medieval tax)

  • scotale

  • scutage

  • seditious libel (crown offense sense)

  • seigneurial ban

  • serf (continental villein)

  • serf continental

  • several fishery (feudal sense)

  • shack right (post-harvest grazing)

  • sheriff’s aid

  • sheriff’s aid levy

  • sheriff’s tourn

  • sheriff’s tourn presentment

  • shire moot

  • shiremoot

  • sign manual warrant (medieval)

  • significavit certification

  • significavit writ (ecclesiastical enforcement)

  • soc and sac (jurisdiction franchise)

  • socage (feudal tenure sense)

  • socage in capite

  • socage rent service

  • socage tenure (feudal obligation sense)

  • socman (feudal tenant)

  • soke (jurisdiction franchise)

  • stallage (market fee)

  • stallage fee

  • staple bond

  • staple bond execution

  • staple certificate

  • staple court

  • staple jurisdiction bond

  • staple serjeant

  • staple town franchise

  • staple town jurisdiction

  • star chamber (prerogative court)

  • statute merchant recognizance

  • statute merchant seal

  • statute staple execution

  • statute staple recognizance

  • steelbow (Scots agricultural loan)

  • steelbow loan scots

  • stint (pasture limit)

  • stinting of common

  • stocks punishment

  • stocks punishment medieval

  • stray forfeiture right

  • subinfeudation (feudal layering)

  • subinfeudatory chain

  • subinfeudatory tenant

  • subpoena ad testificandum (chancery medieval form)

  • subpoena chancery original

  • subpoena duces tecum (chancery medieval form)

  • suit and service (feudal attendance)

  • suit of court (feudal attendance duty)

  • suit of mill (thirlage duty)

  • suit real (attendance duty)

  • suit service (attendance duty)

  • suitors of court (feudal obligation)

  • superiority (Scots feudal overlord right)

  • superiority feudal scots

  • supersedeas original (stay writ)

  • surety mainpernor

  • surety of good behavior (medieval form)

  • surety of good behavior bond

  • surety of peace recognizance

  • surety of the peace (medieval form)

  • surjoinder

  • surrebutter

  • swanherd office

  • swanimote court

  • swanimote session

  • synodal due

  • synodals (ecclesiastical dues)

  • tack (Scots lease feudal sense)

  • tack lease scots feudal

  • tallage (feudal tax)

  • tally stick (exchequer accounting)

  • tally stick account

  • team (vouching to warranty franchise)

  • tenant to the praecipe

  • tenure by butler service

  • tenure by butlery

  • tenure by castle guard

  • tenure by chamberlain service

  • tenure by cornage

  • tenure by cornage (border defense)

  • tenure by falconry

  • tenure by falconry service

  • tenure by grand almoner service

  • tenure by grand serjeanty

  • tenure by marshal service

  • tenure by petit serjeanty

  • tenure by scutage substitution

  • tenure by serjeanty of the pantry

  • tenure in burgage (medieval sense)

  • tenure in capite

  • tenure in chief

  • tenure in frankmarriage

  • tenure in villeinage

  • terrier (feudal land survey sense)

  • thegn

  • thing (Norse assembly)

  • thing norse assembly

  • thirlage (mill monopoly)

  • thirlage bond (mill duty)

  • thirlage mill bond

  • thrall (Norse slave)

  • thrall norse

  • tithe agistment (medieval dispute)

  • tithe in kind (medieval enforcement)

  • tithe personal (ecclesiastical medieval sense)

  • tithe predial

  • tithing

  • tithing penny

  • tithingman

  • tithingman oath

  • tol and team

  • tol and team (franchise)

  • tol and team warranty

  • toll (feudal franchise sense)

  • tourn (sheriff’s tourn)

  • tourn day

  • tourn jury

  • tourn leet

  • township amercement

  • township amerciament

  • township frankpledge fine

  • trailbaston commission

  • trailbaston commission disorder suppression

  • traverse of office (crown land challenge)

  • traverse of office crown land

  • treasure trove (crown right medieval sense)

  • treasure trove crown right (medieval)

  • trial by cold water

  • trial by compurgation

  • trial by hot iron

  • trial by ordeal

  • trial by wager of law

  • trinoda necessitas

  • trinoda necessitas burden

  • tron weighing right

  • tronage (weighing fee)

  • tumbrel (punishment device)

  • tumbrel punishment seat

  • turbary (peat right)

  • turbary cutting right

  • turbary right

  • twelve hand oath

  • use upon a use (equitable device pre-statute)

  • utfangenetheof

  • utfangentheof

  • utlagaria declaration

  • utlagaria judgment

  • utlagatus proclamation

  • vassalage (feudal status)

  • venire facias (original writ form)

  • venire facias jury summon

  • verderer (forest officer)

  • verderer oath

  • vert and venison offense

  • view of body (coroner medieval)

  • view of frankpledge

  • vill amercement

  • vill liability fine

  • vill responsibility

  • villein

  • villein in gross

  • villein in gross transferable

  • villein regardant

  • villein socage

  • villein socage tenure

  • villeinage

  • virgate

  • visitation articles (ecclesiastical court)

  • voucher (warranty call)

  • voucher to warranty (recovery procedure)

  • wadset (Scots mortgage tenure)

  • wadset mortgage scots

  • wager of battle

  • wager of battle champion

  • wager of law

  • wager of law compurgator

  • waif (royal forfeiture sense)

  • waif and stray franchise

  • waif forfeiture

  • waif forfeiture right

  • waif stray franchise

  • wapentake

  • ward of the staple

  • wardmote

  • wardmote inquest

  • wardship (feudal guardianship sense)

  • wardship by knight service

  • wardship in chivalry

  • wardship in socage (feudal guardianship sense)

  • warranty collateral (feudal inheritance sense)

  • warranty lineal (feudal inheritance sense)

  • warren free (franchise sense)

  • waste writ medieval

  • wed (Anglo-Saxon pledge)

  • wedset (pledge land)

  • wer

  • were

  • weregild schedule

  • wergild

  • wharfage (medieval toll)

  • witan council

  • wite penalty

  • withernam writ

  • wreck de mer (royal franchise)

  • wreck franchise

  • wreck of sea franchise

  • wreck of the sea (royal franchise sense)

  • writ of annuity (medieval form)

  • writ of audita querela (original medieval relief)

  • writ of capias utlagatum

  • writ of certiorari (original king’s bench form)

  • writ of cessavit (rent default)

  • writ of conspiracy (medieval false appeal)

  • writ of consultation (ecclesiastical conflict)

  • writ of coram nobis (original king’s bench correction)

  • writ of coram vobis (original common pleas correction)

  • writ of deceit (medieval pleading)

  • writ of entry ad terminum qui praeteriit

  • writ of entry sur disseisin

  • writ of formedon (in descender, in remainder, in reverter)

  • writ of habeas corpus ad deliberandum (original form)

  • writ of habeas corpus ad respondendum (original form)

  • writ of habeas corpus ad satisfaciendum (original form)

  • writ of habeas corpus ad subjiciendum (original crown form)

  • writ of habeas corpus ad testificandum (original form)

  • writ of indicavit (tithe dispute)

  • writ of juris utrum

  • writ of mandamus (original prerogative form)

  • writ of mesne (lord liability)

  • writ of monstrans de droit (petition of right variant)

  • writ of ne exeat regno (original form)

  • writ of partition (medieval coheir form)

  • writ of procedendo (original form)

  • writ of prohibition (original ecclesiastical conflict sense)

  • writ of prohibition de excommunicato capiendo

  • writ of quo minus (exchequer fiction)

  • writ of quo warranto (medieval franchise challenge sense)

  • writ of ravishment of ward

  • writ of ravishment of wife (medieval action)

  • writ of right close (original form)

  • writ of right of advowson

  • writ of right patent (original form)

  • writ of supersedeas (medieval form)

  • writ of waste (medieval form)

  • writ of waste in remainder

  • wíte

  • year and a day rule (homicide medieval sense)

  • year and day homicide rule (medieval)

  • absolute rights of individuals

  • action on the case

  • advowson appendant

  • advowson collative

  • advowson donative

  • advowson in gross

  • advowson presentative

  • affeer (to assess amercement)

  • allod / allodial land

  • ancient demesne (additional variants)

  • assize of abatement

  • assize of darrein presentment

  • assize of fresh force

  • assize of novel disseisin

  • assize of nuisance

  • assize of the forest

  • attachment (distraint form)

  • bailiff (franchise/manor officer)

  • barony tenure

  • bastard feudalism

  • benefice (ecclesiastical)

  • benefit of clergy (variants)

  • bookland

  • breve de recto (writ of right)

  • breve de recto patent

  • burgage tenure / burgagium

  • canon law influence

  • capias (general arrest writ)

  • charter of franchise

  • charter of liberties

  • chirograph

  • common law (as royal law)

  • compurgation (variants)

  • conveyance (land transfer)

  • corody (additional forms)

  • court of common pleas

  • curtesy (widower’s tenancy)

  • de cursu writs

  • de dote admensura writ

  • de effendo quietum de tolonio

  • de exoneranda pro rata portionis

  • de homine replegiando (variants)

  • de ingressu writ

  • de lunatico inquirendo

  • dedimus potestatem

  • distraint / distress (variants)

  • ejectment (early form)

  • enfeoffment

  • feoh / fioh (payment)

  • ficht-wite (homicide fine)

  • folkland

  • fosterlean

  • frank marriage (maritagium)

  • gavelkind (partible inheritance)

  • grand assize (jury)

  • hawgable / landgable (burgage rent)

  • incorporeal hereditaments

  • indenture

  • knight’s fee (measure)

  • laenland

  • living (ecclesiastical benefice)

  • military tenure

  • monstrans de droit

  • mort d’ancestor (variants)

  • mortancestry (Scots equivalent)

  • nativi (unfree born)

  • ne vexes writ

  • novel disseisin (variants)

  • ordinance / proclamation

  • ostensurus quare (trespass family)

  • palatinate

  • parage (partible tenure)

  • pone (removal writ)

  • praecipe quod reddat

  • primogeniture

  • quare non admisit

  • recognition (jury verdict)

  • register brevium / registrum brevium

  • replevin (variants)

  • scot and lot

  • selion (strip in open field)

  • serf (variants)

  • shire-moot

  • socage tenure (variants)

  • statute law vs common law

  • subinfeudation (variants)

  • tenant in chief

  • tenure by barony

  • tithes (predial/personal)

  • trespass vi et armis

  • utrum assize

  • visne (venue)

  • writ de recto close

  • writ of attaint

  • writ of covenant

  • writ of debt

  • writ of detinue

  • writ of entry

  • writ of error

  • writ of mesne

  • writ of novel disseisin

  • writ of partition

  • writ of praecipe

  • writ of prohibition

  • writ of right close

  • writ of right patent

  • writ of trespass

  • writs de cursu

  • writs of formedon